标签：初中英语语法大全,初中英语语法讲解,http://www.qingsong8.com 初中英语语法梳理和提高12动词,
　　现在完成时
　　1） 现在完成时的构成：have / has + v-ing
　　2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：
主 语 肯 定 式 否 定 式 疑 问 式

第一、二人称和第三人称复数以及名词复数 I /We/You/ They have been here before.
He/ She has been here before.
.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people have seen the film.
I /We/You/ They haven’t been here before.
He/ She hasn’t been here before .
.I / We/ You/ They/ Many people haven’t seen the film. Have you/ they been here before?
Has he/ she been here before?
Have you/ they/ many people seen the film?

　　　　现在完成时
　　　　1） 现在完成时的构成：have / has + v-ing
　　　　2）现在完成时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式（以be和see为例）：
　　在完成时的用法：
　　1、表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果.常与already, just, ever, never, before等词连用. 如:
　　 She has never read this novel.他从未读过这本小说.(他对小说的内容不了解)
　　2、表示 "过去的动作"一直延续到现在并有可能继续延续下去. 常与for (后跟段时间)或since (后跟点时间)等连用.如:
　　I have been a member of the Party for 10 years.
　　 I have been a member of the Party since 10 years ago.
　　注：在有for 和since 引导时间状语的句子中不能用短暂性动词，应用与之相应的表示状态的词。如：
　　 He has died for 3 years.(F)
　　He has been dead for 3 years.(T)
　　注意：①现在完成时不能和表示明确的过去时间连用。如：in 1998, last morning等
　　 ②have/has been to 表示"去过"（去了又回来了）
　　 have/has gone to 表示"去过"（去了没回来了）
　　 如：Where has she gone?(句中所指的人不在)
　　 Where has she been?(句中作指的人在)
　　例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！
　　--How long ______ he ______ a fever?
　　--- Ever since last night.
　　A. have, got B. have , had C. have, caught D. did, have
　　解析：此句表示从昨晚起持续到现在的状态，应用现在完成时，去掉答案D。因为是段时间， 所以不能用短暂行动词，get和catch 都是短暂行动词。 因此选B.
　　My bowl is empty. Who ______ all my soup?
　　A. drinks B. had drunk C. has drunk D. drank
　　解析：碗是空的了，这里强调的是所发生的动作造成的结果。 "谁把我的汤都喝了。应选C.
　　3. I ______ you for a long time. Where ______ you ______?
　　 A. Didn't seen; did, go B. didn't see; have, gone C. haven't seen; have, been D. haven't seen; have gone
　　解析：for+段时间一般预先在完成时连用。"你去哪儿了？ "（在这段时间你不在）应选C。，初中英语语法梳理和提高12动词